Mihail Sergeyeviç Gorbaçov (rusça Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв) — sovet siyasetçisi, ŞSCBniñ birinci ve soñki prezidenti (1990—1991), Şuralar Birligi Kommunist Fırqasınıñ soñki baş kâtibi (1985—1991). 1989 s. Qırımtatarlarnıñ sürgünligini qanunsız ve cinaiy tanınğan fermannı imzalağan, Qırımtatarlarğa Qırımğa Özbekistandan yol bergen[8]. Gulnara Bekirova yazğanına köre, Gorbaçov kommunist fırqasında qırımtatarlarnıñ qaythanına qarşı edi. Perestroyka (yani ğayrıdan quruvnıñ) yetekçisi. Onıñ vaqtında «Suvuq Cenk» bitti ve ŞSCB dağıldı. ŞSCB yerinde on beş mustaqil devlet peyda oldı.

Mihail Gorbaçov
rusça Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв
portrait
Doğğan künü 1931 mart 2(1931-03-02)[1][2][3][…]
Doğğan yeri
Ölgen künü 2022 avgust 30(2022-08-30)[4][5] (91 yaşında)
Ölgen yeri
Memleketi
Zenaatı siyasetçi, uquqçı, çevre müiti qorçalayıcı, iqtisadiyatçı (ekonomist), advokat
Baba Sergey Gorbachev[d]
Ana Maria Gorbacheva[d]
Ömür arqadaşı Raisa Gorbacheva[d][7]
Balalar Irina Virganskaya[d]
Mukâfatlar
Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called Order of Honour Order of Lenin Order of Lenin Order of Lenin Order of the October Revolution Order of the Red Banner of Labour Order of the Badge of Honour Medal "For Labour Valour" Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms" Medal "In Commemoration of the 1500th Anniversary of Kyiv" Ordre des Arts et des Lettres Collar of the Order of the White Lion Grand cross of the Order of the White Lion Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres‎ Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Order of the White Lion Order of Saint Agatha Order of Liberty Grand Cross of the Order of Liberty Order of Christopher Columbus
Nobel Peace Prize

honorary citizen of Berlin[d] (1992 noyabr 9)

Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation
Philadelphia Liberty Medal

Free Your Mind[d] (2008)

North–South Prize[d]

Alexander Men Prize[d]

Ronald Reagan Freedom Award

Delta Prize for Global Understanding[d]

Champions of the Earth[d] (2006)

Harvey Prize[d] (1992)

Otto Hahn Peace Medal[d] (1989)

Golden Plate Award[d]

Global Economy Prize[d] (2015)

Grawemeyer Award[d] (1994)

Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children

honorary doctor of the University of Madrid Complutense[d] (1990)

honorary citizen of Košice[d] (2018)

Honorary doctor of the University of Liège[d]

honorary doctor of the University of Münster[d]

honorary doctor of the University of Tromsø[d]

Point Alpha Prize[d] (2005)

German Environmental Prize[d] (2010)

Franz Josef Strauss Award[d] (2011)

Osgar[d] (2005)

Osgar[d] (2009)

Financial Times Person of the Year[d] (1985, 1989)

Dr. Friedrich Joseph Haass-Preis[d] (2007)

Princess of Asturias Awards Gremmi

Acqui Award of History[d]

Marion Dönhoff Award[d]

Indira Gandhi Peace Prize[d] (1987)

Golden Doves for Peace[d] (noyabr 1989)

Albert Einstein Peace Prize[d] (İyün 1990)

Honorary doctorate from the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne[d] (2001 dekabr 12)

Avtograf Изображение автографа
Saytı gorby.ru(rus.)(ing.)
Логотип Викисклада Wikimedia Commons saytindaki
Multimedia fayllar
  1. Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич // Большая советская энциклопедия (rus.): [в 30 т.] / под ред. А. М. Прохорова — 3-е изд. — Москва: Советская энциклопедия, 1969.
  2. Michail Gorbatschow // Энциклопедия Брокгауз (нем.)
  3. Mihail Sergejevič Gorbačov // Proleksis enciklopedija, Opća i nacionalna enciklopedija (хорв.) — 2009.
  4. Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet Leader Who Ended Cold War, Dies at 91 (англ.) // Bloomberg.com — 2022.
  5. https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2022/08/30/mikhail-gorbachev-soviet-leader-dies/
  6. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-30/russian-media-ex-soviet-leader-mikhail-gorbachev-dead-at-91
  7. Gaddis J. L. The Cold War: A New History (англ.) — 1 — USA: Penguin Books. — P. 229. — ISBN 978-0-14-303827-6
  8. Deklaratsiya